Social Inequality Breaks the Meaning of the Constitution

Social inequality limited the growth of the United States in many ways such as breaking what the constitution stood for independence which did not apply to African Americans because the prominent race which was white. However congress started to go against this inequality and stood for equality. The phrase Jim Crow came along in the 1880 which was the same time that the Supreme Court had tried and failed to eliminate the Poll taxes which was also known as the grandfather clause, even though the laws undermined all federal protections for African American’s civil rights. At the same time that African Americans lost voting rights, southern states passed racial segregation laws to separate people of the opposite race in public and private†¦show more content†¦In 1881-1964, Jim Crow laws separated Americans by race in 26 states. The most common type of segregation was De Jure segregation which was the legal separation of Americans by race. There was another type which was named de facto segregation which separated people based on customs and beliefs. This type of segregation was much harder to fight than De Jure Segregation because eliminating it would require changing people’s attitudes rather than repealing the law. The rule of law imposed penalties and punishments on people who broke the statutes and ordinances mandating segregation. Separate Car Law was a law passed by the Louisiana State Legislature in 1890 which required equal, but separate train car accommodations for Blacks and Whites. The civil rights act of 1785 tried to abolish this. Civil war abolished slavery but brought white supremacy. In 1964, congress outlawed allShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Greek Country1528 Words   |  7 Pages Their geography is also very popular. The country is surrounded by water and filled with mountains and beautiful architecture. Greece has a parliamentary democracy type government. 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St. Lawrence University Admissions and Acceptance Rate

St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York is a somewhat selective school. Less than half of applicants are accepted each year. Students with strong grades and an impressive application, however, have a decent chance of being admitted. Applicants are not required to submit SAT or ACT scores. They will need to send in high school transcripts, a personal essay, and several letters of recommendation. For help with the application process, feel free to contact the admissions office at St. Lawrence. Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) St. Lawrence University Acceptance Rate: 43  percentSt. Lawrence University is test-optionalGPA, SAT and ACT graph for St. LawrenceWhat these SAT numbers meanWhat these ACT numbers mean St. Lawrence University Description St. Lawrence University can boast that it has been coeducational with a progressive teaching philosophy since its founding in 1856. The schools name comes from the nearby St. Lawrence river, the site of both crew practice and academic research. The university is located in Canton, New York, a town not far from Potsdam. Explore the campus with the  St. Lawrence University Photo Tour. The university has a graduate program in education, but SLUs primary focus is at the undergraduate level. With an 12 to 1  student/faculty ratio, students are sure to get a lot of interaction with the faculty. Study abroad, community service, and sustainability are all important parts of St. Lawrences identity, and starting in the fall of 2012, some first-year students got the opportunity to spend their first college semester in London, and the university has had a second-semester program in France for several years. On the athletic front, the St. Lawrence Saints compete in the NCAA Division III Liberty League for most sports. The university has 32 intercollegiate teams and made my list of  top equestrian colleges. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 2,464  (2,377 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 45 percent male; 55 percent female99 percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $51,200Books: $750 (why so much?)Room and Board: $13,190Other Expenses: $900Total Cost: $66,040 St. Lawrence University Financial Aid (2015 -16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 100  percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 100 percentLoans: 55 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $32,191Loans: $7,775 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Art, Biology, Economics, English, Fine Arts, History, Mathematics, Political Science, Psychology, Social Science, Sociology Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 90  percentTransfer-out Rate: 13 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 81  percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 84  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Skiing, Football, Golf, Ice Hockey, Riding, Rowing, Lacrosse, Basketball, Baseball, Cross CountryWomens Sports:  Skiing, Riding, Soccer, Softball, Basketball, Field Hockey, Ice Hockey, Cross Country If You Like St. Lawrence University, You May Also Like These Schools Ithaca College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Vermont: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSkidmore College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTrinity College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Rochester: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphAlfred University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphCornell University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBowdoin College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBates College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphHobart William Smith Colleges: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Entity Relationship Diagram Analysis Free Essays

In this undertaking I have to roll up some entity, so an entity attributes and at last ERD.I think I will larn more about entity, attributes, Entity Relationship Diagram to make this undertaking. Description: Entity An Entity is an object or existent thing such as a tabular array or signifier. We will write a custom essay sample on Entity Relationship Diagram Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now An Entity contains some information about himself. In the entity some informations can be stored. Properties Properties means the information or inside informations of an Entity. Attribute may incorporate assorted sorts of value like numeral, Characters, Integer etc. Simply attributes are the belongingss of entity. Entity Relationship Diagram ( ERD ) An entity-relationship diagram is a information mold diagram and technique. ERD can make a graphical representation of the relationships between entities, the entities, and within an information system. There are three type relationships in the Entity Relationship Diagram ( ERD ) One to One One to Many Many to Many The chief constituents of Entity Relationship Diagram ( ERD ) Entity Properties Relationship Cardinality Entities: Department Capable Area Staff Plan Faculty Student Registration Examination Consequence Coursework Attendance Advancement Entities with Properties: Department Department_ID ( PK ) Department_Name Department_Details Department_Leader Discipline Subject_Area_ID ( PK ) Subject_Area_Leader Subject_Area_Name Subject_Area_Details Department_ID ( FK ) Employee Employee_ID ( PK ) Employee_Leader Employee_Type Employee_Name Employee_JoiningDate Employee_Address Department_ID ( FK ) Plan Program_ID ( PK ) Program_Leader Program_Name Program_Type Program_Details Subject_Area_ID ( FK ) Registration Registration_ID ( PK ) Registration_Date Registration_Type Registration_cost Faculty Module_ID ( PK ) Module_Name Module_Leader Module_Details Module_Type Student_ID ( FK ) Program_ID ( FK ) Student Student_ID ( PK ) Student_Name Student_Type Student_Details Student_Address Module_ID ( FK ) Registration_ID ( FK ) Examination Exam_ID ( PK ) Exam_Details Exam_Name Exam_Date Exam_Time Student_ID ( FK ) Consequence Result_ID ( PK ) Result_Name Result_Type Result_Details Result_Date Result_time Exam_ID ( FK ) Coursework Coursework_ID ( PK ) Coursework_Name Coursework_Type Coursework_Details Student_ID ( FK ) Attendance Attendance_ID ( PK ) Attendance_Name Attendance_Type Attendance_Details Student_ID ( FK ) Advancement Progress_ID ( PK ) Progress_Type Progress_Details Entity Relationship Diagram ( ERD ) : Relationship sum-up: In my ERD plot some relation description are given in the below: In the Entity Relationship Diagram I find out the relation between section and capable country is one to many, because one section may hold many capable countries. In the scenario I can see one capable country may hold more plans. In the ERD diagram the relationship between plan and faculty is one to many. Many faculties are under of a plan. Module is used a foreign key of plans. In the ERD diagram the relationship between pupils and faculties are one to many, because one pupil may hold more than one faculty. In the relationship pupil primary key is used as a foreign key in the faculty entity. In the ERD diagram the relationship between pupil and test is one to many. One pupil may take part more tests. In the ERD diagram the relationship between pupil and coursework is one to many. One pupil may take part in the more coursework. In the ERD diagram the relationship between enrollment and pupil is one to many. The enrollment may be registers for more pupils at same clip. In the ERD diagram really I see the one to many dealingss. For this ground I include one to many relationships in the ERD diagram. In the existent life for database one to many relationship is perfect to me. Drumhead In this undertaking I draw an entity relationship diagram. To pull the diagram I find out some entities and properties of entities. To make this undertaking I besides learn about entities, properties and entity relationship diagram. Task-02 Introduction: It is said to normalise in the undertaking 2. For doing a database successfully Normalization must be needed. The activities of a database depend on standardization. Standardization helps to do a database rebelliously. In the undertaking I will seek to normalise for a section system in the organisation. The standardization occurs in some stairss. In the undermentioned stairss are given. Description: Standardization In the organisation all activities now depend on the computing machine system. Some corporate organisation need database system for commanding all information. As a consequence database is most popular and indispensable things in the universe. For doing a database successfully standardization is the traditional manner. Without standardization it is impossible to do a database. Standardization is the procedure is used to form the informations absolutely in a database. I normalize the section information for some specific intent. The intent of standardization is divided into two parts. Removing unneeded informations and guaranting informations dependences. If same informations stay in some tabular array together the database may victim. Often it may data in the unrelated tabular array. To work out these jobs we can be done standardization. The intents of standardization are worthy to diminish the sum of infinite a database consumes and guarantee that information is logically stored. Th e public presentation of database direction system depends on the standardization. Some stairss are indispensable for standardization. The stairss are given briefly in the followers: Gathering informations Gathering informations is the first measure of standardization. When I normalize I will roll up all information in the phase. I will implement all informations of this measure in the following measure. Choosing a key For making standardization a key is indispensable. The key is the chief informations for standardization. All informations depend on the key. The key must be one from garnering informations. First Normal Form ( 1NF ) Some functions have to follow in the stairss. Repeating informations in the standardization, sometime it may harmful for standardization, so it necessary to take reiterating informations in the standardization. Removing reiterating informations is the chief work in this undertaking. Second Normal Form ( 2NF ) Second normal signifier ( 2NF ) is used to different and take same informations in the database. The phase besides provides farther information for taking same informations in the database. The chief activities of the phase: The all informations of first normal signifier must be represented in the phase. Same information in the rows of database tabular array are removed in the phase. The relationship of new tabular array is made in the phase. Third Normal Form ( 3NF ) In the 3rd normal signifier some activities are occurred. The undermentioned activities are given in the below: All demands of the 2nd normal signifier are present in the phase. The activities of the phase is removed some columns that are non dependent upon the primary key. The taking informations and information are non depended on the primary key of tabular array. For this ground these columns informations and information are removed. Optimization Optimization is the last measure of standardization. I will bring forth the whole standardization by bring forthing a standardization diagram. The standardization diagram is symbol of a better database. If standardization tabular array is clear, informations base become clear. Gathering Datas Department_ID Department_Name Department_Details Department_Leader Capable Area_ID Capable Area_Leader Capable Area_Name Capable Area_Details employee_ID employee_Leader employee _Type employe _Name employee_JoiningDate Staff_Address Programme_ID Programme_Leader Programme_Name Programme_Type Programme_Details Student_ID Registration_ID Registration_Date Registration_Type Module_ID Module_Name Module_Leader Module_Description Module-Type Student_ID Student_Name Student_Type Student_Description Student_Address Module_ID Registration_ID Exam_ID Exam_Description Exam_Name Exam_Date Exam_Time Result_ID Result_Name Result_Type Result_Description Result_Date Result_time Coursework_ ID Coursework_Name Coursework_Type Coursework_Details Attendance_ID Attendance_Name Attendance_Type Attendance_Details Progress_ID Progress_Type Progress_Details Choosing a key: Student_id Converting to 1st Normal Form ( Remove to reiterating informations ) Student ( Repeating ) : Department_id Department_name Student_id Student_name Student_email Student_phone Student_address Study_mode Employee_id Employee_name Employee_phone Employee_email Employee_addresses Sexual activity Program_id Program_name Program_time Credit_id Total_course_marks Total_module_marks Total_credit Consequence Module_id Module_name Module_leader Module_year Capable Area ( Non Repeating ) : Subjectarea_id Subjectarea_name Subjectarea_Leader Converting to 2nd Normal Form ( Remove parcel cardinal dependance ) Student Student_id ( pk ) Student name Student electronic mail Studentphone Student reference Study manner Program Idaho ( fk ) Programe name Plan leader Recognition Recognition Idaho ( pk ) Student Idaho ( fk ) Entire coursework grade Exam grade Module grade Entire recognition Consequence Faculty Module Idaho ( pk Module leader Faculty name Programe Idaho ( fk ) Programe name Employee Employee Idaho ( pk ) Employee name Employee electronic mail Employee phone Employee reference Sexual activity Depatment Idaho ( fk ) Department name Department Department Idaho ( pk ) Department name Plan Program Idaho ( pk ) Capable country Idaho ( fk ) Capable country name Programe name Plan leader Capable country Capable country Idaho ( pk ) Capable country name Department Idaho ( fk ) Department name Capable country leader Converting to 3rd Normal Form: ( Remove not cardinal dependence ) : Department Department_id ( PK ) Department_name Capable Area Subjectarea_id ( PK ) Subjectarea_name Department_id ( FK ) Subjectarea_Leader ( FK ) Employee Employee_id ( PK ) Employee_name Employee_phone Employee_email Employee_addresses Sexual activity Department_id ( FK ) Student_module Student_id ( PK ) Module_id ( PK ) Plan Program_id ( PK ) Subjetarea_id ( FK ) Program_leader ( FK ) Program_name Program_time Faculty Module_id ( PK ) Module_name Module_leader ( FK ) Module_year Program_id ( FK ) Student Student_id ( PK ) Student_name Student_email Student_phone Student_address Study_mode Program_id ( FK ) Recognition Credit_id ( PK ) Student_id ( FK ) Module_id ( FK ) Total_course_marks Total_module_marks Total_credit Consequence Optimization: Summary: In the undertaking I normalized for a section. I normalize for keeping database direction system. To make this undertaking I analyzed about standardization. I think I normalized good. Clear standardization helps to do a better database direction system. I learned more about standardization to make this undertaking. Undertaking 3 Introduction: The undertaking 3 contains some subjects. Database Management System ( DBMS ) is component of the undertaking. I will make a database by utilizing Database Management System ( DBMS ) . There are some ways to do database. But I will make database in the SQL waiter, because it is easy and flexible to me. To do database I will do some tabular array, each tabular array will incorporate minimal 5 records. Description: Some stairss I followed to make this undertaking. The stairss and demands are given in the below: Database Management System ( DBMS ) : To pull off a database some strong functions are followed. Database direction system is a sort of environment where all sorts ‘ functions and ordinance are included. A database direction system ( DBMS ) works as a database director. Database Management System ( DBMS ) is computing machine plan or package. The package helps others computing machine users create and entree informations in a database. Anyone can entree the information, where information is located it is non fact, It manages user petitions so that users and other plans are free from holding to understand informations in a multi-user system, on storage media and, who else may besides be accessing the information. Database direction system checks the unity of the database. The DBMS besides manage the hallmark procedure, merely authorized user and authorised web can entree the database. DBMS helps to do a secure database. Database direction system ‘s environment helps to do a good relationship in the database. The activities for this undertaking are following: MY database: Generated Script from â€Å" Generate SQL Server Scripts Wizard † : SET ANSI_NULLS ON Travel SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ section ] ‘ ) AND type in ( N’U ‘ ) ) Get down CREATE TABLE [ dbo ] . [ section ] ( [ department_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, [ department_name ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, CONSTRAINT [ PK_department ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ department_id ] ASC ) WITH ( IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF ) ON [ PRIMARY ] ) ON [ PRIMARY ] End Travel SET ANSI_NULLS ON Travel SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ employee ] ‘ ) AND type in ( N’U ‘ ) ) Get down CREATE TABLE [ dbo ] . [ employee ] ( [ employee_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, [ employee_name ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, [ employee_email ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, [ employee_phon ] [ int ] NULL, [ employee_address ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, [ department_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, [ sex ] [ nvarchar ] ( 1 ) NULL, CONSTRAINT [ PK_employee ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ employee_id ] ASC ) WITH ( IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF ) ON [ PRIMARY ] ) ON [ PRIMARY ] End Travel SET ANSI_NULLS ON Travel SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ subjectarea ] ‘ ) AND type in ( N’U ‘ ) ) Get down CREATE TABLE [ dbo ] . [ subjectarea ] ( [ subjectarea_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, [ subjectarea_name ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, [ department_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, [ subjectarea_leader ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [ PK_subjectarea ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ subjectarea_id ] ASC ) WITH ( IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF ) ON [ PRIMARY ] ) ON [ PRIMARY ] End Travel SET ANSI_NULLS ON Travel SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ plan ] ‘ ) AND type in ( N’U ‘ ) ) Get down CREATE TABLE [ dbo ] . [ plan ] ( [ program_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, [ subjectarea_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, [ program_name ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, [ program_leader ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, [ program_time ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, CONSTRAINT [ PK_program ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ program_id ] ASC ) WITH ( IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF ) ON [ PRIMARY ] ) ON [ PRIMARY ] End Travel SET ANSI_NULLS ON Travel SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ faculty ] ‘ ) AND type in ( N’U ‘ ) ) Get down CREATE TABLE [ dbo ] . [ faculty ] ( [ module_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, [ program_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, [ module_leader ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, [ module_name ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, [ twelvemonth ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, CONSTRAINT [ PK_module ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ module_id ] ASC ) WITH ( IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF ) ON [ PRIMARY ] ) ON [ PRIMARY ] End Travel SET ANSI_NULLS ON Travel SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ pupil ] ‘ ) AND type in ( N’U ‘ ) ) Get down CREATE TABLE [ dbo ] . [ pupil ] ( [ student_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, [ student_name ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, [ student_email ] [ nvarchar ] ( 50 ) NULL, [ student_phon ] [ int ] NULL, [ student_address ] [ nvarchar ] ( 100 ) NULL, [ program_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, [ StudyMode ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, CONSTRAINT [ PK_student ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ student_id ] ASC ) WITH ( IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF ) ON [ PRIMARY ] ) ON [ PRIMARY ] End Travel SET ANSI_NULLS ON Travel SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ student_module ] ‘ ) AND type in ( N’U ‘ ) ) Get down CREATE TABLE [ dbo ] . [ student_module ] ( [ student_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, [ module_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [ PK_student_module ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ student_id ] ASC, [ module_id ] ASC ) WITH ( IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF ) ON [ PRIMARY ] ) ON [ PRIMARY ] End Travel SET ANSI_NULLS ON Travel SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ recognition ] ‘ ) AND type in ( N’U ‘ ) ) Get down CREATE TABLE [ dbo ] . [ recognition ] ( [ credit_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NOT NULL, [ student_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, [ module_id ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, [ total_coursework_marks ] [ int ] NULL, [ exam_marks ] [ int ] NULL, [ total_module_marks ] [ int ] NULL, [ total_credits ] [ int ] NULL, [ consequence ] [ nchar ] ( 10 ) NULL, CONSTRAINT [ PK_credit ] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [ credit_id ] ASC ) WITH ( IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF ) ON [ PRIMARY ] ) ON [ PRIMARY ] End Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_employee_department ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ employee ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ employee ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_employee_department ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ department_id ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ section ] ( [ department_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_subjectarea_department ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ subjectarea ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ subjectarea ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_subjectarea_department ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ department_id ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ section ] ( [ department_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_subjectarea_employee ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ subjectarea ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ subjectarea ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_subjectarea_employee ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ subjectarea_leader ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ employee ] ( [ employee_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_program_employee ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ plan ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ plan ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_program_employee ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ program_leader ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ employee ] ( [ employee_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_program_subjectarea ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ plan ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ plan ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_program_subjectarea ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ subjectarea_id ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ subjectarea ] ( [ subjectarea_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_module_employee ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ faculty ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ faculty ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_module_employee ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ module_leader ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ employee ] ( [ employee_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_module_program ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ faculty ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ faculty ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_module_program ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ program_id ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ plan ] ( [ program_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_student_program ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ pupil ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ pupil ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_student_program ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ program_id ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ plan ] ( [ program_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_student_module_module ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ student_module ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ student_module ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_student_module_module ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ module_id ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ faculty ] ( [ module_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_student_module_student ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ student_module ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ student_module ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_student_module_student ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ student_id ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ pupil ] ( [ student_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_credit_module ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ recognition ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ recognition ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_credit_module ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ module_id ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ faculty ] ( [ module_id ] ) Travel IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ FK_credit_student ] ‘ ) AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ( N ‘ [ dbo ] . [ recognition ] ‘ ) ) ALTER TABLE [ dbo ] . [ recognition ] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [ FK_credit_student ] FOREIGN KEY ( [ student_id ] ) REFERENCES [ dbo ] . [ pupil ] ( [ student_id ] ) Summary: I used SQL waiter for doing database. I draw the diagram by utilizing normalized diagram. Some tabular arraies I created to bring forth the diagram of database. I included all table mean five records. To make the undertaking absolutely I show all tabular arraies screen shot with records. Undertaking 4 Introduction The chief activities are said in the undertaking. In the undertaking I will quire of my database. Now in the undertaking I will seek to implement. I will verify the operation of database. I will quire of the database harmonizing the outlook of the undertaking. I will follow the activities harmonizing the undertaking. Description: In the undertaking I have to make questions for find out some demands these are said to make in the undertaking. In the undermentioned these activities are given in the below: 1. Name callings of all the Subject Area Leaders ( SALs ) Querie: SELECT dbo.subjectarea.subjectarea_leader, dbo.employee.employee_name, dbo.subjectarea.subjectarea_name FROM dbo.employee INNER JOIN dbo.subjectarea ON dbo.employee.employee_id = dbo.subjectarea.subjectarea_leader End product: PLs along with the name ( s ) of the capable country Querie: SELECT dbo.program.program_leader, dbo.employee.employee_id, dbo.program.program_name FROM dbo.employee INNER JOIN dbo.program ON dbo.employee.employee_id = dbo.program.program_leader End product: MLs along with the name ( s ) of the capable country SELECT dbo.module.module_leader, dbo.employee.employee_name, dbo.module.module_name FROM dbo.employee INNER JOIN dbo.module ON dbo.employee.employee_id = dbo.module.module_leader 2. Expose the undermentioned information for the â€Å" Artificial Intelligence † capable country: a ) The list of plans that belong to that capable country ; Querie: SELECT program_name FROM dbo.program WHERE ( subjectarea_id = ‘sa-03 ‘ ) End product: B ) The list of faculties that belong to these plans ; Querie: SELECT dbo.program.program_id, dbo.module.module_name FROM dbo.program INNER JOIN dbo.module ON dbo.program.program_id = dbo.module.program_id WHERE ( dbo.program.subjectarea_id = ‘sa-03 ‘ ) degree Celsius ) The list of pupils who have awarded a Pass for one of the faculties Querie: SELECT DISTINCT C.student_id, student.student_name, C.module_id, module.module_name, C.result FROM recognition AS C INNER JOIN faculty ON C.module_id = module.module_id INNER JOIN pupil ON C.student_id = student.student_id INNER JOIN plan ON module.program_id = program.program_id AND student.program_id = program.program_id INNER JOIN subjectarea ON program.subjectarea_id = subjectarea.subjectarea_id WHERE ( C.result = ‘pass ‘ ) AND ( subjectarea.subjectarea_id = ‘sa-03 ‘ ) End product: 3. Expose the name of all the pupils who belong to one plan – you can take which plan – of the â€Å" Database † capable country, along with the undermentioned information: a ) Their twelvemonth of survey ; Querie: SELECT DISTINCT dbo.student.student_id, dbo.student.student_name, dbo.program.program_id, dbo.program.program_name, dbo.module.year FROM dbo.student INNER JOIN dbo.program ON dbo.student.program_id = dbo.program.program_id INNER JOIN dbo.module ON dbo.program.program_id = dbo.module.program_id INNER JOIN dbo.student_module ON dbo.student.student_id = dbo.student_module.student_id AND dbo.module.module_id = dbo.student_module.module_id WHERE ( dbo.program.subjectarea_id = ‘sa-01 ‘ ) End product: B ) The faculties they study ; Querie: SELECT DISTINCT dbo.student.student_id, dbo.student.student_name, dbo.module.module_name, dbo.student_module.module_id, dbo.student.program_id, dbo.program.program_name FROM dbo.student INNER JOIN dbo.program ON dbo.student.program_id = dbo.program.program_id INNER JOIN dbo.module ON dbo.program.program_id = dbo.module.program_id INNER JOIN dbo.student_module ON dbo.student.student_id = dbo.student_module.student_id AND dbo.module.module_id = dbo.student_module.module_id WHERE ( dbo.program.subjectarea_id = ‘sa-01 ‘ ) End product: degree Celsiuss ) Their test and coursework Markss for these faculties Querie: SELECT dbo.credit.student_id, dbo.student.student_name, dbo.credit.module_id, dbo.module.module_name, dbo.credit.total_coursework_marks, dbo.credit.exam_marks, dbo.student.program_id FROM dbo.credit INNER JOIN dbo.module ON dbo.credit.module_id = dbo.module.module_id INNER JOIN dbo.student ON dbo.credit.student_id = dbo.student.student_id INNER JOIN dbo.program ON dbo.module.program_id = dbo.program.program_id AND dbo.student.program_id = dbo.program.program_id where program.subjectarea_id=’sa-01 ‘ End product: Summary: Some quires are done in the undertaking harmonizing the functions of assignment. I finished the undertaking really carefully. As a proven I show some screen shooting of quires. I besides show SQL quires in the assignment. Undertaking 5 Introduction: There are five undertakings in the assignment. Each undertaking is made for a specific and different subject. Such a undertaking is task 5. In the undertaking 5 I will seek to stand for a study for whole assignment. The study will incorporate the description of my system design for a section of an organisation. In this study I will besides include the inside informations information about undertaking one to five. Description In the phase I will seek to give a solution for this study. Title Report no- Database Design and Development Recipient- Mrs Jesmin Aktar Author- Shanta Maria Introduction of my premise: The rubric of the assignment is College Database Development. The college needs a computerized system for keeping the activities of a section. To keeping the section activities the college needs an ideal database direction system. To complete these activities of this assignment I mentioned each subject for the assignment in the separately. I think I learned more things as pupil, to make this assignment. After completing each undertaking right I will bring forth a study for discover my accomplishment on my analysis, design and thought accomplishment. Overview of whole assignment: The sum-up of the whole assignment, I want to bring forth a study. The study is given at the below: Undertaking 1 Entity An Entity is a existent thing such as a tabular array or signifier. An Entity contains some information about himself. The information of entity can assist for designation of entity. Properties Attributes refers the inside informations information of an Entity. There are many types are fixed for property. These values are like numeral, Characters, Integer etc. Properties are the chief belongings of entities. Entity Relationship Diagram ( ERD ) An entity-relationship diagram is a diagram for informations patterning. Entity relationship diagram ensures the relationships between entities, the entities, and within an information system. Entity relationship diagram makes a database good understand. There are three type relationships in the Entity Relationship Diagram ( ERD ) One to One One to Many Many to Many The chief constituents of Entity Relationship Diagram ( ERD ) Entity Properties Relationship Cardinality Undertaking 2 Standardization Some corporate organisation need database system for commanding all information. To command information of organisation database must be needed. As a consequence database is most popular and indispensable things in the universe. Without standardization it is impossible to do a database. Standardization is the procedure is used to form the informations absolutely in a database. I normalize the section information for some specific intent. The intents of standardization are worthy to diminish the sum of infinite a database consumes and guarantee that information is logically stored. The public presentation of database direction system depends on the standardization. Some stairss are indispensable for standardization. In the assignment I followed some stairss for standardization. The stairss are given in the below: Gathering informations Choosing a key First Normal Form ( 1NF ) Second Normal Form ( 2NF ) Third Normal Form ( 3NF ) Optimization Undertaking 3 I used SQL waiter to do database in this undertaking. Making database was the function of the undertaking. As a consequence I designed a diagram and a database in the undertaking. Undertaking 4 The undertaking holds information for SQL quires. Harmonizing the undertaking some quires are made to use in the database. To make SQL quires in the undertaking I learned more things about SQL bid and other secure information of SQL waiter. Footings of mention: The scope for investigated system is extended. All the inside informations about the system hold given. The current system and the new system image are clear in the scenario. Anyone can see and compare the scenario. The study focuses on the section of an organisation. The study is bring forthing with a inside informations description and information of the complete system analysis and design portion for the section of an organisation. Procedures and methods: In my assignment I used some techniques. I have investigated all the process in many ways. In the assignment I followed the operation and practically system of college and others pull offing activities. The chief process and method of the assignment is to settle the current system jobs and besides to present an ideal database system of the academy theatre for keeping the section procedure. In this assignment I used entity relationship diagram and other demands and processs. Recommendation: Harmonizing the users demands and after probe the system, I could happen out some jobs and some other job in the college development diagram. The keeping system of the college development diagram was really hard to pull off. To work out the jobs I provide the new IT system. I will seek and bring forth the really easy manner to pull off the college development diagram for keeping procedure or systems in the new database system of College Database Development. Requirement hardware: To set up the procedure some hardware and package are really indispensable. The name or hardware demands are given in the followers: Personal computer ( Include all hardware ) Network Connection SQL waiter Windows XP .NET model Future program for my database: In the assignment I produced a database direction system for a college section. There are many sections of the college. I will include more information about more sections in the database at future. To implement my database I will utilize latest tools. I will seek to happen how manner I can implement the database. Appendix: Entity Relationship Diagram ( ERD ) : Optimization diagram: Database Summary: There are five undertakings in the assignment. The assignment contains some subjects of database. As a pupil any one can larn about database direction system from the topic. The undertaking five contains information of an premise. In the undertaking I tried to supply an ideal premise about the whole assignment. How to cite Entity Relationship Diagram Analysis, Essay examples

Weaknesses In The Stocktake Procedures

Questions: (1) Identify the weaknesses in the stocktake procedures above and identify how they could be improved? (2)(a) What control should be implemented to reduce the likelihood of each of the above? (b) What is an audit procedure to detect or prevent each of the above? (3)(a) Identify the key assertion addressed by the test procedure . (b) Provide an explanation as to why the conclusion reached is appropriate or inappropriate. (c) Outline the key control procedure that you believe needs to be performed? Answers: (1)While audit of the balance sheet of the company there are few items those needs to be looked and audited with better applied analytical and substantive procedures of the same. The responsibility of Inventory control lies with the manager of the warehouse of the location. The Manager must ensure that the staff members who are involved in stocktaking must aware of the established procedure which needs to be followed in stock taking. The slow moving inventory in a company. There are many cash dealings which get interrupted due to delay in stock being converted back into cash. The main intension and objective of Stocktaking is as follows: To verify the accuracy of stock The Stock valuation as stated in the financial statement must be supported by the physical verification of stock. To verify the weakness in the control and custody of stock. To disclose the possibility of Stock, theft or loss.(Smith 2013) In the given case auditor has attended the stock taking of Smith Equipment and certain discrepancies has been found by them which is described as follows: SI.No. Weakness Improvement Recommendation 1. Warehouse Staff Counted specific area of the warehouse for physical verification However, it is duty of the Warehouse manager to check all the area has been covered and no area has been left and physical verification of every item has been done properly 2. Issuance of blank sheet to each member of staff doing the count Instead of Issuing blank sheet to the stocktaking staff stock take scanner should be allocated to stock taker which will be used by them in stock taking along with the stock taking instruction. This brings better internal control and chances of error and loosing blank sheet is also low. 3. Staff Were Instructed to Write down the stock description and number counted Instead of giving this type of Instructor stock scanner as stated above should be given to each staff so that there is less chances of error and it will bring more accuracy. However, there is certain more recommendation which helps smith Equipment in better stock undertaking. This is as follows: Before starting Stock date all the possible area and the product must be identified. Meeting must be held with the staff member who will help in stock taking to ensure that they should know exactly what they have to do and how to do. Any Question or confusion of the Staff member must be resolved and any suggestion which helps in better stock taking must be implemented. Before submitting the report to the External Auditor report must be discussed internally with the management so that there will be less changes of error.(Jacob october, 2012) (2)Control over the bank reconciliation ensures that all the cash transaction has been properly recorded in the books of accounts for a given period of time. Bank reconciliation also ensures the accuracy of the Financial Statement. With the help of bank reconciliation any omission of transaction in the books of accounts can b easily detected irrespective of the reason that where omission is due to fraud or error. However to ensure less changes of error in the Bank reconciliation one should implement the following procedure to reduce the chance of Error. This are described as follows: There must be segregation of duties between the bank reconciliation between the two departments i.e. between accounts department and payment department. If same person are engaged in same activity then there is more chances of fraud. Even a small amount of un reconciled items create a doubt in the mind of the auditor regarding the accuracy of accounts and existence of fraud in the company. In the given situation Item of $340 remain un reconciled which are treated by the as immaterial. To reduce the chances of incorrect recording of account receivable, client should ensures that the entire credit voucher must be signed along with the supporting and then entry will be done in accounting system. The Company may adopt the policy not to deposit the associate company money in own account in order to reduce complexity. The omission of certain items from Bank reconciliation is serious issues. This even creates doubt about the correctness of bank reconciliation. In order to reduce such type of situation, the client may increase the frequency of reconciliation in order to ensure correct reconciliation process. Recording of bank transfer as deposit is also an serious issue, this shows that accounting clerk is completely irresponsible and he must be warned that if the same continue, then he may be fired from the company.(Team n.d.) b) Audit procedure to detect and prevent each of the above case is as follows; 1) Auditor should compare the bank cancellation date with bank reconciliation. 2) Bank Confirmation should be taken from each bank with whom the client transit. 3) Balance of client bank reconciliation need to be confirmed with the balance of bank confirmation. 4) Minutes of the Board meeting and loan agreement should be reviewed in order to ensure that all the interest bearing deposit has been properly dealt with in the accounts. (3)Key Assertion Addressed by the Test Procedure is as follows: 1. Authorization of Purchase Manager in the Invoices is not taken seriously by the client. It may lead to fraud Error. As per the Test conducted by the auditor more than 10% of the invoices were not authorized which shows lack of effectiveness and Internal control in the company. 2. Incorrect Discount was also noted. This may be intentional or un- intentional. It might be possible that the billing personnel may give incorrect discount and it has been also noted that the bill in which incorrect discount was given was not sent for authorization. 3. However, the incorrect discount given was not in some pattern. This means that the discount given was not due to system fault or change in discount policy. The company should ask the billing personnel reason for such error, though the amount of discount given is immaterial but it shows lack of control in the organization. 4. The Conclusion reached by the Client is not appropriate as it lacks control in the organization. Better policy is to identify the reasons for such mistake that why such error has been occurred whether the error is un-intentional or due to some fraud.(James n.d.) The Key Control procedure that need to be performed by the company is as follows: i. If the company has manual billing system then that need to be computerized. ii. Discount for each and every item needs to be properly updated in the system and the same should be properly checked. iii. Dual checking of invoice should be done for some time once the invoice is generated from the system and second at the cash counter by the cash personnel. iv. Responsibility should be assigned to each personnel to periodically review the discount percentage which has been updated in the system(General 2015) Biliograpy: General, OOA 2015, Office of Auditor General, https://audit.wa.gov.au/reports-and-publications/reports/across-government-benchmarking-audits/timely-payment-invoices/. Jacob, M october, 2012, 'Stocktake of Rgional Research', p. 30. James, 'Substantive Tests of Transcation and balance', p. 60, https://novellaqalive2.mhhe.com/sites/dl/free/0074711709/90089/sample_ch10.pdf. Smith, H 2013, myob.com.au, https://myob.com.au/blog/7-steps-to-a-successful-stock-take/. Team, O, Opentution.com, https://opentuition.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/group-documents/15/1289882056-E.AuditEvidence.pdf.